Answer :
If the research demonstrates that malaria cannot infect dogs, the author's claim that mosquitoes are essential for the life cycle of the malaria parasite would be definitively proven, because without the mosquito the parasite cannot develop.
A. definitively proved
What is the malaria cycle like?
The malaria parasite life cycle involves 2 hosts. When feeding on blood, the female Anopheles mosquito infected by plasmodia inoculates the sporozoites into the human host. Sporozoites infect liver cells. There, the sporozoites mature into schizonts.
With this information, we can conclude that if the research demonstrates that malaria cannot infect dogs, the author's claim that mosquitoes are essential for the life cycle of the malaria parasite would be definitively proven, because without the mosquito the parasite cannot develop.
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