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Combustion analysis of toluene, a common organic solvent, gives 4.10 mg of co2 and 0.959 mg of h2o. if the compound contains only carbon and hydrogen, what is its empirical formula?

Answer :

Eduard22sly

The empirical formula for the ccompound, given the data is C₇H₈

How to determine the mass of Carbon

The mass OC carbon in the compound can be obtained as follow:

  • Mass of CO₂ = 4.10 mg
  • Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol
  • Molar of C = 12 g/mol
  • Mass of C =?

Mass of C = (12 / 44) × 4.10

Mass of C = 1.118 mg

How to determine the mass of Hydrogen

  • Mass of H₂O = 0.959 mg
  • Molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol
  • Molar of H = 2 × 1 = 2 g/mol
  • Mass of H =?

Mass of H = (2 / 18) × 0.959

Mass of H = 0.107 mg

How to determine the empirical formula

The empirical formula can be obtained as follow:

  • C = 1.118 mg
  • H = 0.107 mg
  • Empirical formula =?

Divide by their molar mass

C = 1.118 / 12 = 0.093

H = 0.107 / 1 = 0.107

Divide by the smallest

C = 0.093 / 0.093 = 1

H = 0.107 / 0.093 = 1.15

Multiply through by 7 to express in whole number

C = 1 × 7 = 7

H = 1.15 × 7 = 8

Thus, the empirical formula of the compound is C₇H₈

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