Answer :
A buffer overflow exploit resulted from the attacker's actions.
What is buffer overflow?
A buffer overflow, also known as a buffer overrun, is an anomaly in information security and programming that occurs when a programme, when writing data to a buffer, overruns the buffer's boundary and overwrites adjacent memory locations. Buffers are memory spaces set aside to keep data while it is being moved from one component of a programme to another or between applications. Buffer overflows are frequently caused by faulty inputs; if the buffer is established with the assumption that all inputs will be lower than a given size, then an unusual transaction that produces more data may lead it to write past the end of the buffer.
Attackers take advantage of buffer overflow flaws by overwriting an application's memory. This alters the program's execution route, resulting in a response that damages files or exposes confidential information.
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